课程主题：Contemporary Chinese Political Economy《中国政治经济学·专题》

授课教师：卢荻Dic Lo

授课对象：硕士生和本科生

课程时间：9月17-18日，9月24-25日

课程地点：腾讯会议（具体会议号见下方）

授课教师简介

卢荻（Dic Lo）教授，现任职于英国伦敦大学亚非学院经济系、中国研究所(SOAS China Institute)。卢荻教授长期侧重于从比较政治经济学的视角分析经济发展问题，其主要研究方向为中国与全球化、工业化、改革经济学、东亚经济体制和发展，致力于理论总结中国经济发展模式和发展经验。主要成果发表于Cambridge Journal of Economics, The China Quarterly, Journal of Economic Issues, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Third World Quarterly，《经济研究》、《政治经济学评论》等国内外知名期刊。

研究领域：

中国与全球化、工业化、转轨经济学、东亚经济体制和发展，致力于理论总结中国经济发展模式和发展经验。

课程内容

Session 1The Political Economy of the New Normal ·新常态的政治经济学

课程时间：9月17日：18:00-22:00

腾讯会议号：137 147 956

Since the early 2010s, China’s internal and external developments have been associated with its ‘New Normal’. These developments represent the cumulative outcome of China’s transformation over the era of systemic reform, while also reflecting its uneasy position in world capitalism under neoliberal globalization. The defining characteristic of the New Normal is a slow-down in economic growth, and explanations of this slowdown have coalesced around the theses of demand deficiency and profitability decline. This lecture dissects the theoretical reasoning and empirical backings of the theses, with a view of clarifying the structural-institutional conditions that underpin the economic performance. On that basis, the lecture will arrive at the judgement that, long term, the future prospects for China hinge on the rivalry between two models of economic transformation that have both been operating in the economy in recent years: namely, a production-oriented model versus a speculation-oriented model.

自2008年世界经济进入“大衰退”以来，中国经济也经历了深刻的变化，集中表现为从快速增长急剧放缓下来。有关中国经济增长放缓的解释，现有文献大致上是围绕着两个主题展开的，一是需求不足论，另一是利润率下降论。本讲座剖析这些研究的理论逻辑和实证依据，在此基础上，进而试图厘清经济表现所涉及的结构和制度条件，探讨中国经济变革的未来方向。可以判断，长远而言，中国经济能否维持中速经济增长乃至恢复高速经济增长，从而为整体社会发展奠定基础，取决于两种经济变革模式的抗衡，即生产导向模式与投机导向模式的抗衡，这种抗衡自新世纪初尤其是2008年以来一直主导着中国经济变革的方向。

Further Readings:

Dorrucci, E., G. Pula, and D. Santabárbara (2013) ‘China’s economic growth and rebalancing’, Occasional Paper Series no. 142, Frankfurt am Main, European Central Bank, http://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpops/ecbocp142.pdf

Feng, Y., and Y. Yao (2014) ‘The middle-income trap and China’s growth prospects’, in L. Song, R. Garnaut, and Cai F. (eds.) Deepening Reforms for China’s Long-term Growth and Development, ANU Press, http://press.anu.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/ch061.pdf

Lo, D. (2016) ‘China confronts the Great Recession: “rebalancing” neoliberalism, or else?’, International Papers of Political Economy 2016: 232-269 (M.C. Sawyer and P. Arestis eds. Emerging Economies during and after the Great Recession, Basingstoke, Palgrave).

Lo, D. (2018) ‘Consideration on China’s New Normal economic growth’, Journal of China and International Relations, 6 (1): 73-94.

Yao, Y. (2014) ‘A new normal, but with robust growth: China’s growth prospects in the next 10 years’, The Brookings Institution, http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Interactives/2014/thinktank20/chapters/tt20%20china%20growth%20prospects%20yao.pdf

Session 2Anatomy of State-Owned Enterprises ·审视国企

课程时间：9月18日：18:00-22:00

腾讯会议号：316 550 715

The institutions of China’s state-owned enterprises have deviated fundamentally from the principle of individual(istic) property rights. The paradox is that the enterprises appear to have performed well in terms of productivity and profitability. This lecture examines the institutions in the light of alternative theoretical perspectives. The central message is two-fold. First, regarding functionality, the long-term oriented institutions could be conducive to productive efficiency, but could also be detrimental to allocative efficiency. Second, regarding credibility, the actual performance hinges on the appropriate match between the institutions and the broader developmental conditions. The efficiency attributes are thus found to be context-specific. Further discussion on the notion of context-specificity reveals that relative efficiency is conjunctural rather than structural in the determination of the functionality and credibility.

时至今日，中国国有企业的体制性质，仍是与个人化产权、纯粹市场原则相去甚远，然而它们的业绩表现却绝非清晰无误的低效率，反而大有可能是为整体经济发展作出了重大贡献。重新审视国有企业改革的指导理论，以近40年来的实际发展表现来作审视，是跨入新阶段的中国经济变革的必要。首先，中国国有企业的体制（相对于非国有企业）蕴含着更高程度的长期导向或固定特性，也就是较低程度的适应市场的灵活性；而理论上可以判断，长期导向特性往往有利于促进生产性效率提升，但同时对资源配置效率有负面影响。其次，这两种影响相互抵消之后的业绩表现，或国有企业与非国有企业的相对效率表现，往往取决于企业的运作环境，也即取决于企业体制特性与整体经济变革模式是否匹配。上述论题的理论基础，是发展经济学文献中的“退出、呼吁与忠诚”框架，其中“退出”是指纯粹市场原则，“呼吁”是指与市场失效相关的特殊交换/特质交换原则，“忠诚”是指集体合作和学习原则，意味着各种长期导向和短期导向的企业体制各有其相对效率特性。自世纪初尤其是2008年以来，主导着中国整体经济变革方向的，是生产导向模式与投机导向两种模式的竞争、抗衡，在此其中，国有企业因为其长期导向体制而与生产导向模式较为匹配。因此，中国国有企业的混合所有制改革，关系到中国整体经济变革的未来。

Further Readings:

Lo, D. (2020) ‘State-owned enterprises in China’s economic transformation: institutional functionality and credibility in alternative perspectives’, Journal of Economic Issues, 54 (3): 813-837.

Naughton, B. (2018) The Chinese Economy: Adaptation and Growth, ch.13-14 (Cambridge and London: MIT Press).

Song, L. (2015) ‘State and non-state enterprises in China’s economic transition’, in G.C. Chow and D.H. Perkins (eds.) Routledge Handbook of the Chinese Economy, ch.12, London, Routledge.

Szamosszegi, A., and C. Kyle (2011) An Analysis of State-owned Enterprises and State Capitalism in China, US-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Washington, D.C., Capital Trade, Inc., http://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/10_26_11_CapitalTradeSOEStudy.pdf

Xie, X., A. Li, and Z. (2012) ‘Guojinmintui: a new round of debate in China on state versus private ownership’, Science & Society, 76 (3): 291-318.

Session 3China ‘Going Out’ and Late Development ·“走出去”与世界范围的后进发展

课程时间：9月24日：18:00-22:00

腾讯会议号：997 664 419

The tremendous expansion of the Chinese economy since the turn of the century, especially in terms of its external dynamics, is of world-scale significance. It seems to justify the quest for appropriate conceptions of China’s systematic impact on late development worldwide. A large number of scholarly studies have coalesced to analyse two crucial aspects of the impact, namely: impact on the performance of industrialization and the condition of labour in the developing world. This lecture seeks to critically appraise and reinterpret the existing studies. The appraisal is not so much a critique but rather an attempt to appropriately position the studies in the systematic context. It is submitted that the existing studies’ focus on market competition, as the main form through which China’s impact manifests, needs to be complemented and underpinned by the more fundamental consideration on productive investment. In the direction of constructing a systematic conception, it is further submitted that the China impact can potentially serve as a countervailing force against the prevailing systemic dynamics of the world economy under neoliberal globalization – i.e., the rising predominance of speculative finance that tends to crowd out productive investment, thereby hampering industrialization and worsening labour condition in the developing world.

自世纪初以来，中国对世界发展的影响力大幅度增加，成为全球范围上具决定性作用的主体之一。本讲座探讨这种作用的各个重要方面，聚焦于已有学术文献的两个核心论题，即“中国恶化发展中世界的去工业化趋势”论、以及“中国压低发展中世界工人阶级的劳动条件”论，对其作出批评。由此导出一个重要论题，即，就总体看迄今中国对世界发展的作用是倾向于正面的。关键是，在世界资本主义愈趋新自由主义化、金融投机化的环境中，中国的政治经济构造始终还是在很大程度上坚持着生产性导向，在这个基础上，中国的对外经济活动对于促进世界发展极具积极意义。

Further Readings:

Adolph, C., V. Quince, and A. Prakash (2017) “The Shanghai Effect: Do exports to China affect labor practices in Africa?”, World Development, 89 (1): 1-18.

Ayers, A.J. (2013) ‘Beyond myths, lies and stereotypes: the political economy of a “new scramble for Africa”’, New Political Economy, 18 (2): 227-257.

Hart-Landsberg M. and P. Burkett (2006) ‘China and the dynamics of transnational accumulation: causes and consequences of global restructuring’, Historical Materialism, 14 (3): 3-43.

Jenkins, R.O. (2019) How China is Reshaping the Global Economy: Development Impacts in Africa and Latin America, ch.12, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Lo, D. (2020) ‘Towards a conception of China’s systematic impact on late development’, Third World Quarterly, 41 (5): 860-880.

Session 4Confronting the Challenges of the Pandemic ·应对“环球瘟疫”的系统挑战

课程时间：9月25日：18:00-22:00

腾讯会议号：680 881 959

Because of its peculiar nature as a systemic challenge, the control of the COVID-19 crisis requires strong and rapid actions. It appears that China has employed a “tough model” whereas the erratic measures of the US have formed a “loose model”. This lecture seeks to characterize and assess the two models from the perspective of the governance structures and the corrective capabilities of the two different political establishments. The exposition draws on the framework of “exit, voice, and loyalty” developed by Albert Hirschman, and questions the hegemonic ideology of the “liberal democracy versus authoritarianism” dichotomy

新冠肺炎作为全球瘟疫，其应对始终有赖于强有力和迅速的集体行动，这对世界各国的公共治理能力和基本政治经济制度构成系统性挑战。从瘟疫爆发以来的实际经验看，迄今中国的应对是一种“严厉模式”，而美国的疏懒应对则形成一种“松散模式”，它们构成了世界范围种种应对模式的两极。本讲座的意图是期望立足于中美两国的公共治理结构和政治纠错能力，参照迄今国际比较中的抗疫表现，对中美的不同抗疫模式及其政治经济基础做出分析、评价。较具体而言，讲座以阿尔伯特·赫希曼的“退出、呼吁和忠诚”框架为理论基础，揭示西方关于中美比较的主流论述所依赖的阿马蒂亚·森的“信息透明至上”理论的局限，从而对所谓“自由民主与威权主义”二元对立的霸权意识形态作出批判。

Further Readings:

He, A.J., Y. Shi, and H. Liu (2020) ‘Crisis governance, Chinese style: distinctive features of China’s responses to the COVID-19 pandemic’, Policy Design and Practices, 3 (3): 245-258. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2020.1799911

Lo, D. and Y. Shi (2020) ‘China versus the US in the pandemic crisis: governance and politics confronting systemic challenges’, Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 42 (1-2): 90-100.

Macheda, F. (2021) ‘The structural root of China’s effectiveness against Coronavirus pandemic’, International Critical Thought, https://doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2020.1869993

Zhao, S. (2020) ‘Rhetoric and reality of China’s global leadership in the context of COVID-19: implications for the US-led world order and liberal globalization’, Journal of Contemporary China, https://doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2020.1790900

Zhou, X. (2020) ‘Organizational Response to COVID-19 Crisis: Reflections on the Chinese Bureaucracy and Its Resilience’, Management and Organization Review, 16 (3): 473–84. https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2020.29

本项目受到校级引智项目（编号：G2022115005L）的支持